關係代名詞
關係代名詞
1-1關係代名詞 = 形容詞子句
基本句型: 關係代名詞引導者為形容詞子句
a) 先行詞為”人”時:
先行詞(人)+ who (that) : He is the boy who ran away.
Whose + N + V : He is the boy whose mother was dead.
Whom (that) + S + V : He is the boy whom I hate.
b) 先行詞為”物”時:
先行詞(物)+ which (that)+ V : This is the watch which was stolen.
Whose + N + V : I like the book whose cover is blue.
Which (that) + S + V : I hate the house which he bought.
** a)以上之who, whom, which, = that
b)“,” or “介係詞” 後面不可用 “that”
EX: I like Mary , that is very beautiful. (X) =>
EX: He is the person whom I am looking “for”.
EX: This is the book which I am looking “for”.
c) 關係代名詞若後方為動詞者, 以其先行詞當主詞.
S + V + 先行詞 + who + V (以先行詞當主詞)
+ which
EX: It was I who am to blame.
d) 解題秘訣:
1. 關代 + V (關代後面一定+ “V” )
2. 關代 + S + V (關代後面如果有”S”, 動詞跟S作變化)
3. 絕對沒有 關代 + v-ing / v-pp (分詞)
4. 如果題目已經有 S+ V, 另一個動作(動詞),
主動用 V-ing, 被動用 V-pp, 表目的用 to + Vrt
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EX: 1) This is the man who ran away with your wife.
= (關代省略,動詞改分詞)
2) The boy who was beaten black and blue is dead.
= (關代省略,動詞改分詞)
3) He is the boy whom I hate.
= (關代後接S+V, 關代可省)
e) 下列修飾語 + 先行詞時, 其關係代名詞 用 “that”
All, any, few, much, every, little
The only, the sole, the unique, + 先行詞 + that
The + 最高級
EX: 1) This is the only thing that I can do for you.
2) You can believe all that Mark tells you.
3) She is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
4) You can do anything that you want.
1-2 限定(沒有逗點) 與 非限定 (有逗點) 用法
S + V…who
which
where
S + V…, who
, which
, where
○1 若先行詞不必說明就很明確(EX: 專有名詞), 後面就用非限定用法 (逗點)
EX: 1) Jennifer had three sons, who all became legislators.
2) Taipei 101, which is the highest building in the world, is located in Sinyi District.
○2 若先行詞不清楚,後面就用限定用法 (不要逗點), 來限定其性質
1) Thank you for your hand-made present which I received on Valentine’s Day.
2) I work in a famous restaurant where I meet many interesting people there.
[key] 逗號後面,只可以有 who, which, where
1-3關係代名詞與介系詞
○1 關係子句的動詞若為不及物動詞, 須加介系詞.
此介系詞可置於關代的正前方
○2 只有 whom, which, 之前可以加 介系詞 for which = why
In which = where
at which = when
EX: 1) This is the house which I live. (X)
� This is the house which I live in. =
� =
[key] 將先行詞至於關代之後,即可知介詞是否遺漏
2) He is a man on whom I can rely.
= He is the man whom I can rely on.
3) This is the cake that I like. (like the cake,本句不需要 介係詞)
4) The hammer (that) I am looking for can pull out nails. (注意關代之省略)
1-4 重要觀念
○1關係代名詞不可以重複先行詞
1) He is the boy that he runs away with your wife. (X)
“That”就已經代替了 “the boy”, 不需要再加 “he”
2) He is the boy that I hate him very much. (X)
3) David took some money from his account, which he had opened it last week.
(重複了先行詞的account)
○2先行詞不用them, 而用those
** those who(人), whose which(物)
1) I like them who help themselves. (X)
� I like those who help themselves.
2) God help those who help themselves. (天助自助)
[ 本帖最後由 姿霖 於 2009-12-30 03:31 編輯 ]
